2025中考英语：初中阶段英语考点归纳

文章发布：奇速英语 发布时间：Apr 3, 2025 3:50:36 PM      访问量:27

too 肯定句句末，前有逗号

 also 肯定句句中，放在行为动词之前，be动词、系动词以及助动词之后

either 否定句句末，前有逗号

as well 肯定句句末，前无逗号

last

（1）adj. 最后的，上一个的

（2）adv.最后，上次

（3）v.持续

（4）n.最后=at last=in the end=finally

family/home/house

(1)family 家，家庭，做主语，谓语动词用单数

家人，做主语，谓语动词用复数

(2)home ，家，家乡，指个人或者家庭住所

产地，发源地

(3)house 房子，主要指建筑物

What about    = How about 

表示建议的句型：

Why not do sth.

What/How about doing sth.

Shall we do sth.

You’d better (not) do sth.

Would you like to do sth.

Why don’t you do sth.

Let’s do sth.

Would you mind doing sth.

Thank sb. for =Thanks for

thanks for”因……而表示感谢”

thanks to “幸亏，由于”

help 

v.  help sb. (to) do sth.

help (sb.) with sth.

help (sb.) out

can’t help doing sth.

help oneself to sth.

n. (不可数）

ask sb. for help

with one’s help= with the help of sth.

play

v.  扮演 play a/an ……role /part in

演奏 play+the+西洋乐器

播放 play music

玩 play with sb./sth.

play +球类

play +棋牌类、游戏类

play a joke on sb.

play a trick on sb.

n. 剧本，戏剧（可数）

sound系动词，“听起来”+形容词/like +n.

名词，“声音”

sound 泛指，“声音”

voice (人、鸟）声音，嗓音

noise “噪音”

need

实义动词，need n./to do sth./doing=to be done

情态动词 

名词 in (great )need of 

have no need to do=There is no need for sb. to do sth.

buy/sell/sale

buy (v.)  buy sth. from sth.= buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb.

sell (v.)  sell sb. sth.=sell sth. to sb.

sale(n.)  on sale 出售，上市，廉价

for sale 待售

speak

speak “说（某种语言），说话”强调说话方式

say“说，讲，”强调说话内容

talk “交谈，谈话”talk to /with/about/back/over

tell “告诉，讲述”“区别”

be good at擅长= do well in 

be good for    对……有好处

be good to 对……好=be kind to

be good with 善于应付……，对……有办法

dress

dress sb. in sth. 给某人穿……衣服

dress up 穿盛装

dress up as 扮成

dress oneself 某人自己穿衣服

get dressed   穿戴好衣服

区别：表动作put on+衣服/鞋/袜/帽

dress+人

表状态   wear +衣服、首饰等

be dressed in +衣服类

（be）in +颜色/衣服

常见交通方式表达

take a/the +交通

walk/ride/fly/drive to +地点

by+交通工具

in+限定词+小型交通

on+限定词+大型交通工具

stop

n.  车站

v.   停止   stop doing sth.

stop to do sth.

stop…… （from）doing=keep/prevent …… from

can’t stop doing sth.

afraid

be afraid to do sth.

be afraid of (doing) sth.

I’m afraid that……

到达

arrive  “到达；够得着”

arrive at +小地点

arrive in+ 大地点

arrive +副词

reach   reach+地点 

reach+副词

get     get to +地点

get +副词

watch 注视，观看（比赛，电影）；看电视

look 看，看起来 （强调动作）    look at

see 看见（强调结果），理解

read 阅读，看（书、报纸、杂志）

too many 太多+可数名词复数

too much (1)后跟不可数名词（2）修饰动词（3）名词短语

much too 太……+adj./adv.

keep

(1)系动词keep +adj.

keep sb./sth.+adj.

(2)实义动词 Keep sb./sth. doing

keep (on) doing 

keep ……from doing sth.  阻止……做某事

keep sth.+一段时间       借……多久

forget

forget sb./sth.

forget to do sth.

forget doing sth.

forget that+

a few（+可数名词复数）几个

few （+可数名词复数）几乎没有

a little (+不可数名词）一点儿

little (+不可数名词）几乎没有

would like sth.

would like to do sth.

would like sb. to do sth.

order

n. 点菜 take one’s order  

秩序，顺序 in order / out of order井然有序/出故障

v. 点菜，

命令 order sb.(not) to do sth.

the number of ……的数量

a number of 许多的

hear

hear sb. do sth.( be heard to do sth.)

hear sb. doing sth.

hear that……

hear from 

hear of/about

6.v.-ing “令人……”

v.-ed  ”感到……

surprise

n. in surprise

to one’s surprise

give sb. a surprise

get a surprise

v. surprise sb./make sb. surprised

put

put up 搭起，建立；张贴；举起

put out 扑灭

put off doing sth.推迟

put on 穿上，上演，发胖

put away 收起

put down 放下

so that “为了”

（1）so +adj./adv. + that 

so adj.+a/an+单数可数名词+that

（2）such+a/an +adj 单数可数名词+that

such+adj. +复数名词/不可数名词+that

seem

seem +名词/形容词“似乎是……，好像是……”

seem + to do sth.

It seems that 

seem like“看起来像”

decide

v. decide(not) to do sth.

decide on /upon doing sth.

decide+特殊疑问词+to do

decide+宾语从句

n. decision make a decision

make one’s own decision(s)

because

because of +名词、代词或动名词

because+句子

enough

adj. “足够的”放于名词前或者后

adv. “足够地”，放于形容词或者副词之后

hardly

hardly   adv.  “几乎不”，位于实义动词之前

hard     adj. “困难的，硬的，辛苦的”

adv.”努力地，猛烈地”，实义动词之后

mind

n.   头脑，心智 change one’s mind

keep one’s mind   牢记

make up one’s mind to do sth.

come to one’s mind    某人突然想起

v. 介意 mind(not) doing sth.

win/beat

win “获胜，赢得”，及物动词，厚街比赛、战争、奖品或荣誉

不及物动词，“赢”

beat “敲打，打败”及物动词，后接对手

不及物动词，“殴打，拍打，跳动”

care

careful adj. 小心的，细致的

carefully adv. 小心地，细致地

caring adj. 体贴人的

care about  关心，在意。

care for   照顾

take (good) care of =look after…… （well）(好好） 照顾/照料

be similar to (性质、属性、特点、方式、方法）类似

take after 在（相貌、体格、性情等方面）像（父母等），与……相像，多指遗传

look like 看上去像，看起来像，问外表

be like “像……”问外表和性格。

look for “寻找”，强调动作

find “发现，找到”（finding  n.）

find out 查明

discover 发现，发觉

invent 发明

happen 偶然或突发性事件，主语为物，无被动

sth. happen(s) to sb.

sb. happen(s)   to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事

take place 事先计划或预先布置发生，无被动。

sure

be sure  to do sth.  务必/一定做某事

be sure about/of/that 确信

make sure of /to do/ that 确保

for sure 无疑，肯定

promise

n.  承诺，诺言  make a promise

keep /break one’s promise

v. 许诺    promise（not）to do sth.

promise sb. sth.= promise sth.

promise (sb.) that

take 

take up   学着做，开始做；占用（时间、空间）

take ……seriously 认真对待

take after （外貌或行为）像

take down 拆除，记录

take out 拿走

take off 脱下，起飞

take in 吸入

take a shower 淋浴

take a walk 散步

take a trip 去旅行

take a message 捎口信

take a break 休息

take place 发生

fall

不及物动词 fall off 从……落下

fall into  落入

fall down 突然倒下

fall in love with爱上

fall over绊倒

fall behind 落后于

系动词 fall asleep 入睡

fall ill 生病

名词 “秋天”“瀑布”

fill  (v.) “使充满，装满”fill ……with=be filled with

full (adj.)  “充满的”      be full of 

cover  v. 遮盖，覆盖 cover   with  =be covered with/by

n. 覆盖物，封面

prepare(v.)

prepare for 

prepare sth. for sb.=prepare sb. sth.

prepare to do sth.

be prepared for = be ready for 

until

介词，“到……时，直到……为止”

连词，“直到……为止”谓语动词必须用延续性动词，主将从现

not……until “直到……才……”谓语动词为非延续性动词

turn

turn on 打开

turn off 关掉

turn down 调低，拒绝

turn up 调高，出现

look forward to （doing）sth.  盼望

expect sb. to do              期待

experience

n. 可数名词，“经历”

不可数名词，“经验”

v. “经历，体验”

adj. experienced 有经验的

询问病情常用语

What’s the matter with sb.?

What’s wrong with sb.?

What’s the trouble with sb.?

What happened to sb.?

What ‘s up with sb.?

What’s the problem with sb.?

used to 

used to do sth. 过去常常

be/get/become used to doing 习惯于做某事

be used to do= be used for doing sth.被用来

run 跑；管理，经营，使用（车辆）；（使）运转，操作；刊登，

run out 用完，耗尽，不能跟宾语，无被动，主语为物，

run out of 用完，必须跟宾语，有被动

从……跑出去

mean v.

mean sth. 意思是

mean doing sth. 意味着做某事

mean to do sth.打算做某事

die

die    v. 死亡  die of/from/down

dead adj. 死的  

dying adj.  垂死的

death n.死亡

10.lonely  adj. 孤独的，荒凉的

alone   adj.  单独的

adv.  单独地

raise

raise (v.) 举起，增加，提高，筹集，抚养

rise (V.) 上升，增加，上涨，起来

neither

adj.   neither+名词单数，做主语时，谓语动词用单数

pron. neither of+名词/代词复数，做主语时，谓语动词用单数

adv. neither/nor+情态动词/助动词/be动词+另一个主语，“……也不”

so+情态动词/助动词/be动词+另一个主语，“……也是”conj. neither……nor……“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列主语，谓语动词用就近原则

borrow

borrow“借用”，非延续性动词，borrow ……sth.(from sb./somewhere)

lend “借出”，非延续性动词，lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.

keep “保留”，延续性动词，kee

p sth. for +一段时间

return “归还”，return sth. to sb.= give sth. back to sb.

provide

provide “提供”provide sth. for sb.= provide sb. with sth.

offer “主动提出，自愿给予” offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb.

offer to do sth.

allow

allow doing sth.

allow sb. to do sth.=be allowed to do sth.

compare

compare ……with 把……和……比较（compared with 和……相比，通常放于句首）

compare ……to 把……比作……

remind

remind sb. of = make sb. think of  使某人想起……

remind sb. (not) to do sth.提醒某人（不要）做某事

remind sb. that 提醒某人做某事

instead

instead  adv.“代替，相反，却”，修饰整个句子，谓语句首或句末，后不接其他词，表示前面的事未做而做了后面的事

instead of 介词短语  “代替，而不是”在句中位置灵活，后面可跟名词、代词或动名词，表示没有做后面的事

marry

marry sb. =be/get married to sb.与某人结婚

marry sb.to sb. 把某人嫁给某人/让某人娶某人

get married结婚（表动作）

be married结婚（表状态）

population 集合名词，指人口总数，“人口，人口数量”（large/big/small）

作主语且强调整体人口，谓语动词用单数

分数/百分数+of+the population 作主语，谓语动词用复数

What /How large is the population of ……？

某地+has a population of+数词/ The population of+某地+is+数词“某地有多少人口”

include

include   v. 后面接名词，动名词

including prep.后接名词、代词、动名词，常位于句中或句末，前多有逗号

succeed v. 成功 succeed in doing sth.

success n. 

successful adj. 成功的

successfully adv. 成功地

achieve “（通过努力）实现，取得达到”，主语一般是人，achieve one’s dream/success

名词，achievement

realize “实现”“意识到，了解”

come true “实现”（主语为物），make ……come true

encourage  v. 鼓励（encouragement  n.）

encourage sb. in sth.

encourage sb. to do sth.

regard

“关注，打量，注视”

“认为，看待” regard……as……=see/treat/consider …… as把……看作

consider

思考，考虑 consider（doing）sth./consider +疑问词+to do sth.

认为，觉得 consider ……as

consider +that从句

consider sb./sth. (to be)

suggest

suggest  v. (suggestion  n. 可数)

  suggest sth. to sb.

suggest (sb./one’s) doing sth.

advise    V.  (advice    n. 不可数）

advise sb. (not) to do sth.

advise doing sth.

advise sb. on/about

cost/spend/pay/take

cost (v. 花费。 n. 成本，花费） sth cost(s) sb.+ money

It costs sb. some money to do sth.

spend(v.) sb. spend(s) +time/money  on sth.

sb. spend(s)  +time/ money(in) doing sth.

pay (v.) sb. pay(s) +money for sth.

pay for“为……付钱”

pay back 偿还

take (v.) It take(s) +time+to do sth.

attend 正式用语，参加会议、典礼

join 加入某个党派、组织、社团、俱乐部等，并成为其中一员

join in 指参加小规模的活动，如比赛、游戏

take part in 多指参加群众性的活动，并发挥积极作用

avoid

avoid sth./sb.

avoid doing 

suppose

suppose sb./sth to be 认为某人、某物是……

suppose+that

be (not)supposed to do sth.

receive 客观上“收到”，“接待，欢迎”

accept 主观上 “接受”

patient

n. 病人

adj. 有耐心的 be patient with……/be patient to do sth.

patience(n.) patiently(adv.)      impatient (adj.)

look

look up (在词典、参考书中或通过电脑）查阅，抬头看

look forward to 期待

look up to 钦佩

look back at 回顾

look out 当心

look like 看起来像

look for 寻找

look after 照顾

look through 浏览

lay/lie

lay  v. 放置（lay out）;下蛋，产卵（lay -laid-laid-laying）

lie v. 平躺，位于(lie-lay-lain-lying)；说谎(lie-lied-lied-lying)；

n . 谎言

warn

warn sb. of/about sth.  提醒某人注意某事

warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（不要）做某事

warn sb.against doing sth.告诫某人不要做某事

end

v. 结束，终止  end up like 最终落得像……一样的下场

end up with 以 ……结束

end up doing sth. 以做某事而告终

n. 末尾，尽头 in the end 

at the end of 

by the end of 到……末为止

polite（adj.）politely (adv.)  impolite  (adj.)

be polite to sb.对某人又礼貌

It’s polite (of sb.) to do sth.（某人）做某事是有礼貌的

if 是否，如果

when “什么时候”“当……的时候”

deal with 处理，应付。强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用

do with 处理，安置。强调处理的对象，常与what 连用

proud （adj.） 自豪的，骄傲的 be proud of/ to do sth.

pride (n.)     自豪，骄傲   take pride in 

be made

be made of 由……制作（看得出原料）

be made from 由……制作（看不出原料）

be made in 产于某地

be made by 被……制成

be made up of 由……组成（强调由部分组成整体）

be known/famous+介词

be known/famous for 

be known/famous as

be known/famous to “为……所知”

pleasure

pleasure n. “愉快” with pleasure乐意效劳/my pleasure不客气

please v.“使满意，使高兴” 

pleased adj. “高兴的”（人） be pleased with/to do sth.

pleasant adj. “令人愉快的”（物）

It +be+过去分词+that从句

It is said that    据说

It is believed that 人们认为

It is reported that 据报道

It is known that 众所周知

It is supposed that 据猜测

3.not only……but（ also ）……不但……而且……“就近原则”

neither……nor 既不……也不……“就近原则”

either……or 或者……或者；要么……要么“就近原则”

both ……and

way

get in the way of doing sth. 挡……路；妨碍

go out of one’s way to do sth.特地，费心去做

make one’s way to  前往，费力前进

lose one’s way 迷路

on the/one’s way to 在去……的路上

by the way 顺便说一下

in this / the same way用这种/同样的方法

in a way在某种程度上

the way to do sth.=the way of doing sth.做某事的方法

sleep

sleep(v./n) 睡觉

asleep (adj.)睡着的 fall asleep睡着

sleepy （adj.）困倦的

sleeping（adj.）正在睡觉的

prevent

prevent +名词/代词  预防/阻止

prevent sb. (from) doing sth.=stop sb. (from) doing sth.=keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事

prefer(preferred,preferred)

prefer sth.

prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢A

prefer doing A to doing B  喜欢做A胜过做B

prefer to do sth. 宁愿/更喜欢做某事

prefer to do A rather than do B= would rather do A than do B宁愿做A而不愿做B

stick to doing sth.  坚持

hold on to doing sth. 坚持

look forward to doing sth.期盼

be/get used to doing sth.习惯于

pay attention to doing sth.专注于

besides 除了……之外（还有），累加关系

expect 除了……之外（没有）,排除关系

expect for “除……之外”，整体与部分的关系

but “除了”与except用法基本相同

would rather 宁愿

would rather (not)do sth.宁愿（不）做某事

would rather do sth. than do sth.=would do sth. rather than do sth.

=prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事

make

make sb./sth +adj. 使某人/某物……

make sb. +n. 使某人成为……

make sb. do sth.=be made to do sth. 使某人做某事

make it +adj.+to do sth. 使做某事……

make sb./sth. done 使某人/某事被……

by the time“在……以前，当……时候”

主句用过去完成时，by the time+一般过去时

afford  v.买得起，承担得起

afford n./pron.

afford to do sth.负担得起做某事

It’s+adj. for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事很……”（adj.修饰做某事怎么样）

It’s+adj. of sb. to do sth.“某人做某事真是太……”（adj.描述人的性格）

agree（v.）agreement( n.) disagree (v.)

agree with sb./one’s words 同意某人的观点、看法

agree on 取得一致意见

agree to 同意

agree to do sth.同意做某事

separate v.分开，分离，隔开  separate ……from 把……与……分隔开

adj. 单独的，分离的

divide v. 分开，分散 （把整体分成若干） divide……into把……划分成……